NEW NAME(OLD NAME)

NEW NAME(OLD NAME) 
1.BANGLADESH(EAST PAKISTAN) 
2.BEIJING(PEKING) 
3.BELIZE(BRITISH HONDURAS) 
4.CAMBODIA(KAMPUCHEA) 
5.CAPE KENNEDY(CAPE CANAVERAL) 
6.ETHOPIA(ABYSSINIA) 
7.GHANA(GOLD COAST) 
8.GUINEA(FRENCH GUINEA) 
9.INDONESIA(DUTCH EAST INDIES) 
10.IRAQ(MESOPOTAMIA) 
11.IRAN(PERSIA) 
12.JAKARTA(BATAVIA) 
13.MALAYSIA(MALAYA) 
14.NAMIBIA(SOUTH WEST AFRICA) 
15.NETHERLANDS(HOLLAND) 
16.SRI LANKA(CEYLON) 
17.TAIWAN(FORMOSA) 
18.THAILAND(SIAM) 
19.ZIMBABWE(SOUTHERN RHODESIA)

The Ancient Country or People	The Current Name or Region
Ammon, Moab and Edom	Jordan
Arabia	Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and some of Iraq and Jordan
Aram	Syria
Assyria	Iraq
Canaan	Northern Israel and Southern Lebanon
Cush	Ethiopia and some of Sudan, Somalia and Yemen (and possibly more of Africa)
Decapolis	Northwestern Jordan and a small part of Israel
Dedan and Sheba	Saudi Arabia
Gomer	Ukraine
Magog, Rus and Rosh	Russia
Meshech and Tubal	Turkey
Midian	Western Saudi Arabia and Southern Jordan
Mizraim	Egypt
Philistia	Palestine
Phoenicia	Lebanon
Persia	Iran and some of Iraq
Phut/Put	Libya and some of Egypt and North Africa
Scythia	Southern Russia
Togarmah	Parts of Turkey, Turkomen, Turkestan and Armenia
Tarshish	Carthage (and possibly even Great Britain)

 

The Ancient City	The Current Location
Alexandria	Mediterranean coast of Egypt
Antioch	Northwest Syria (Coastal) - present day "Hatay"
Athens, Berea, Corinth, Philippi and Thessalonica	Greece
Babylon	Iraq
Cyrene	Northwest Libya
Damascus	Syria
Ephesus, Pergamum and Smyrna	Western Turkey
Haran and Padan-aram	Eastern Syria
Iconium and Lystra	Central Turkey
Shinar	Iraq - Ancient Babel and present day "Babylon"
Sidon and Tyre	Western Lebanon (Coastal)
Tarsus	Eastern Turkey
Ur	Southeastern Iraq

1.      The former name of Thailand is Siam, named after a 19^th century king. Thailand means “land of the free”. It is the only Southeast Asian country to have never been colonized.

2.      Iraq is formerly known as Mesopotamia.

3.      The former name of Sri Lanka is Ceylon. It was under European rule for about 450 years. In 1972 the name was change to Sri Lanka.

4.      San Marino was named after Marinus, a Christian stonemason who founded the place in 301 CE.

5.      Malawi means “flaming water” and is named for the sun setting on Lake Malawi, Africa’s 3^rd largest lake.

6.      The Philippines was named after Philip II of Spain. Two of its oldest names were Ma-I and Maniola.

7.      Jamaica’s name comes from the Arawak Indian word “Xaymaca” which means “land of springs”.

8.      Costa Rica which means “rich coast” is the world’s greenest country.

9.      Myanmar in Southeast Asia is formerly known as Burma.

10.  Gaul is the old name of France and Helle is the old name of Greece.

11.  China’s ancient name is Cathay. China was taken from Chin dynasty.

12.  Bolivia was named after Simon Bolivar, the liberator of many South American countries.

13.  Asia Minor is the present day Turkey while Malaysia is formerly known as Malaya.

14. Czechoslovakia got its name from the agglomeration of the Czech and Slovak peoples in 1918.  This country dissolved into the Czeck and Slovak Republics in 1993.

15. Yugoslavia means "Land of the South Slavs". It was originally Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, created by joining Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Montenegro. It became Yugoslavia in 1929. It subsequently split into its constituent states in the years 1992-2006.

16. Tanganyika and Zanzibar joined to become what is now known as Tanzania.

17. Egypt and Syria were briefly joined as the United Arab Republic.

18.  Malaya merged with Singapore and the northern Borneo territories of Sabah and Sarawak to become Malaysia in 1963.

19.  Bangladesh in South Asia is formerly known as East Pakistan from 1955 to 1971. It was also known as East Bengal.

20.  The name of Belarus is Byelorussia until 1991. It is also called White Russia.

21.  The name of Belize until 1973 is British Honduras.

22.  Benin is known as Dahomey until 1975.

23.  Botswana in Africa is formerly known as Bechuanaland.

24.  The former name of Burkina Faso is Upper Volta. Its present name was adopted in 1984.Burkina Faso means “land of honest men”.

25.  Cambodia is known as Khmer Republic from 1971 to1975 and Kampuchea from 1975 to 1991.

26.  Colombia was known as New Granada until 1819.

27.  The former name of the Republic of the Congo is Middle Congo.

28.  Democratic Republic of the Congo was formerly known as Zaire between 1971 and 1997. It was previously called Belgian Republic.

29.  Until 1977, Djibouti is formerly known as French Somaliland.

30.  East Timor, which is known as Timor-Leste since its independence in 2002, is known as Portuguese Timor until 1975.

31.  Until 1968, Equatorial Guinea is called Spanish Guinea

32.  Ethiopia in Africa is historically known as Abyssinia.

33.  Ghana, an African country, is called Gold Coast until 1957.

34.  Until 1958, Guinea in Africa is called French Guinea.

35.  Guinea-Bissau is known as Portuguese Guinea until 1974.

36.  Until 1966, Guyana is called British Guiana.

37.  Indonesia, until 1945, is called Netherlands East Indies

38.  Although Iran is locally known as Iran since before the Sassanids (3rd to 7th centuries AD), it also called Persia until officially named Iran in 1935.

39.  Until 1948, Israel is part of the British Mandate of Palestine. It was previously renamed by the Romans to Palestine from Kingdom of Israel and Judea.

40.  Before 1937, Ireland is known as Irish Free State and was at one time referred to in English as Eire.

41.  The former name of Jordan is Transjordan.

42.  Kiribati is known as the Gilbert Island before independence in 1979.

43.  Lesotho, an African country, is previously called Basutoland.

44.  Until 1964, Malawi is called Nyasaland.

45.  Mali, in Africa  is known until 1960 as French Sudan.

46.  Mexico, in North America, is known until 1821 as New Spain.

47.  Moldova is known until 1991 as Moldovia.

48.  The former name of Namibia is South-West Africa.

49.  Until 1997, Samoa in Oceania is called Western Samoa.

50.  Serbia and Montenegro is from Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 2003. Split into two nations, Serbia and Montenegro, in 2006.

51.  The former name of Singapore, a Southeast Asian country, is Temasik.

52.  Until 1972, Sri Lanka in South Asia is called Ceylon.

53.  Before 1956, Sudan is called Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.

54.  Suriname, in South America, is formerly known as Dutch Guiana.

55.  Taiwan or Republic of Taiwan is known historically as Formosa, Tungning, and by other names.

56.  The Republic of Tajikistan is known as Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic until 1991.

57.  Thailand, in Southeast Asia, is known as Siam until 1949.

58.  The former name of Togo before 1960 is French Togoland.

59.  Tuvalu is known as the Ellice Islands before independence in 1978.

60.  Vanuatu became independent from New Hebrides in 1980.

61.  Ukraine is previously known as Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic until 1991.

62.  The Republic of Uzbekistan is known as Uzbek Socialist Republic until 1991.

63.  Western Sahara, in Africa, is formerly known as Spanish Sahara.

64.  Zambia, in Africa,  is formerly known as Northern Rhodesia until 1964

65.  Zimbabwe is formerly known as Southern Rhodesia. It assumed the current name in 1980.

Former Country Name		Today
Abyssinia The Ethiopian Empire spans a geographical area of today Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti,and included parts of Northern Somalia, Southern Egypt, Eastern Sudan, Yemen and Western Saudi Arabia. Abyssinia was an empire that existed for more than 800 years, from circa 1137 (beginning of Zagwe Dynasty) until 1974 when the Ethiopian monarchy was overthrown in a coup d'etat.		Ethiopia
Afars and Issas Territory formerly known as French Somaliland, the French colony was renamed to the French Territory of Afars and Issas (1967 - 1977),the territory became independent in 1977, known today as Djibouti.		Djibouti
Basutoland formerly a British protectorate became independent in 1966 as the Kingdom of Lesotho.		Lesotho
Bechuanaland formerly a British protectorate became independent in 1966 as Republic of Botswana.		Botswana
Belgian Congo (1908 - 1960)		Democratic Republic of the Congo
Benadir a coastal region of Somalia; covering most of the Indian Ocean coast of the country, from the Gulf of Aden to the Juba River, formerly part of Italian Somaliland.		Somalia
Biafra, Republic of (named after the Bight of Biafra) today part of		Nigeria
Bophuthatswana - nominal republic and homeland for Tswana-speaking people, 1949 reincorporated into		South Africa
Bourbon Island		Reunion Island
British Bechuanaland (region) incorporated into the Cape Colony (1895)		South Africa
British East Africa or East Africa Protectorate British protectorate from 1890 until 1920		Kenya, Tanzania,Uganda, and parts of Somalia (Jubaland)
Cape Colony, 1795-1797 British colony, 1803-1806 colony of the Batavian Republic(Netherlands), since 1910 part of		South Africa
Central African Empire		Central African Republic
Kenya Colony The Colony and Protectorate of Kenya was part of the British Empire in Africa. It was established when the former East Africa Protectorate was transformed into a British crown colony in 1920.		Kenya
Ciskei (Republic of Ciskei)- homeland for Xhosa-speaking people, 1994 reincorporated into		South Africa
Dahomey; (the Republic of Dahomey; in French: République du Dahomey), was a former French colony andpart of French West Africa until independence in 1960, in 1975 the Republic of Dahomeychanged its name in Benin. Dan Ho Me was an ancient Kingdom located in the south of today Benin.		Benin
French Guinea was a French protectorate in West Africa, after independence from France in 1958 it became today		Guinea
French Somaliland		Djibouti
French Sudan		Mali
French West Africa was a federation of eight French colonial territories in Africa: Mauritania, Senegambia and Niger,French Sudan, French Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Upper Volta and Dahomey.		Mauritania, The Gambia, Senegal,Niger, Mali, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire,Burkina Faso and Benin.
German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) a German colony from 1885 until 1919 which included Burundi, Rwanda and Tanganyika (the mainland part of present Tanzania), an area almost three times the size of Germany today. German East Africa colony ended with the defeat of Imperial Germany in World War I. With the Treaty of Versailles the territory was divided between Britain (Tanganyika.), Belgium (Ruanda-Urundi), and Portugal (to become part of Mozambique).		Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanzania
(German) Southwest Africa		Namibia
Gold Coast		Ghana
Grain Coast		Liberia
Hausaland, consisted of seven independent city-states: Biram, Daura, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Rano, and Zaria.		Niger, Nigeria
Italian East Africa (former name for Italian possessions in eastern Africa)		Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia
Kaffraria, former name for Transkei		South Africa
Katanga - 1960, Belgium granted independence to the Congolese province of the		Democratic Republic of the Congo
Malagasy Republic		Madagascar
Mali Federation, was a country in West Africa 1959-1960, formed by a union between		Senegal and Mali
Nubia (region)		Sudan, Egypt
Nyasaland		Malawi
Portuguese East Africa (Província Ultramarina de Moçambique) Mozambique or Portuguese East Africa (officially the State of East Africa) for almost 500 years a Portuguese Colony, 1498–1975. See also: Portugal		Mozambique
Rhodesia, Northern		Zambia
Rhodesia, Southern		Zimbabwe
Rio de Oro (region)		Western Sahara
Ruanda		Rwanda
Sahara Occidental, Spanish name for		Western Sahara
Sahel (region)		Burkina Faso, Chad, The Gambia,Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania,Niger, Senegal
Senegambia (region; former name of the confederation of Senegal and Gambia)		The Gambia, Senegal
Songhay (Songhai), in the 16th century a major empire of the Western Sudan, in the region of		Mali, Mauritania
South-West Africa (SWA, German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika), a German colony from 1884-1915		Namibia
Spanish Guinea		Equatorial Guinea
Spanish Sahara		Western Sahara
Spanish West Africa (former name for Ifni and Spanish Sahara)		Morocco, Western Sahara
Stellaland, Republic of; annexed by the Boers later British Bechuanaland, incorporated into the Cape Colony (1895)		South Africa
Sudanese Republic		Mali
Tanganyika Territory, united with the islands Zansibar and Pemba it became		Tanzania
Togoland (British Togoland), since 1957 part of		Ghana
Transkei (former Kaffraria and one of ten "black homelands" and nominal republic, in Southeast of )		South Africa
Transvaal or ZAR - Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek; today the Province Limpopo of		South Africa
Ubangi-Shari (Oubangui-Chari) a former French territory in central Africa, whith independence on 13 August 1960 the country became the		Central African Republic
Union of South Africa The Union of South Africa was formed on 31 May 1910 as a parliamentary union of the four self-governing British colonies: the Cape of Good Hope Province (Cape Province; previously Cape Colony), Natal Province (Natal Colony), the Orange Free State Province (Oranje Vrij Staat/Orange River Colony) and the Transvaal Province (Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek/Transvaal Colony). The Union came to an end in 1961with a new constitution and became the "Republic of South Africa".		South Africa
Upper Volta, Burkina, today		Burkina Faso
Urundi		Burundi
Zaire, changed its name in 1997 to		Democratic Republic of the Congo
Zanzibar (island, east off the coast of Tanzania) a former protectorate of Britain. Zanzibar gained independence in1963 united with Tanganyika, today it is a semi-autonomous part of		Tanzania
Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) or Transvaal colony; today the Limpopo province of Central and Northern Asia Abkhazia (Region name is still in use)   Georgia Bactria (Bakhtria) historical region of Greater Iran, located between the Hindu Kush mountain range and the Amu Darya (Amu river). The region was the birthplace of Zoroastrianism (Mazdaism) and later, also hosted Buddhism before becoming Muslim after the 7th century. The Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valleyare a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Afghanistan with the remains of two huge standing Buddha statues which were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001.   Afghanistan (north), Turkmenistan(east), Uzbekistan (south east) andTajikistan (west) Circassia was located east of the Black Sea and west of the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region, it was the mountainous territory of the Circassians (Adyghe), it was wiped from the map in the late 19th century whenRussia conqueredthe Caucasus region. All Circassians were displacedfrom their homeland. Historians refer to the displacement of the Adyghe people by the Russian Empire to "the inventing of the strategy of modern ethnic cleansing and genocide".   Circassia was situated north of today Georgia in the southern half of Russia's Krasnodar Krai, south of Kuban River,as well as in the Beshtau, an isolated mountainous region in Stavropol Krai, and in todays Russian Republics of Adygea, Karachay–Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, and North Ossetia–Alania, in south westRussia. East Turkestan; Eastern Turkestan; Chinese Turkestan   Part of western China (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ) Kashmir (region) is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the Vale of Kashmir, the valley between the GreatHimalayas (in northeast) and the Pir Panjal mountain range (in southwest). Today the term Kashmir refers to a larger area that includes the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir (including the Kashmir valley and Jammu and Ladakh), the Pakistani-administered Gilgit-Baltistan and the Azad Kashmir provinces, and the Chinese-administered regions of Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract. See: Map of Pakistan   China, India, Pakistan Kirgizia Kyrgyzstan Pashtunistan (region) is aterm used for the historical region inhabited by the native Pashtun (Pakhtun people) since at least the 1st millennium BC.   Afghanistan, Pakistan Soviet Union The Soviet Union (USSR) was the former name of a large Eurasian empire, roughly coequal with the former Russian Empire.   Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,Moldova, Russian Federation,Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,Uzbekistan Turkestan, ("Land of the Turks") a region in Central Asia largely inhabited by Turkic peoples like the Oghuz Turks (Turkmens), Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Khazars, Kyrgyz and Uyghurs are some of the Turkic inhabitants.   Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan and parts of Western China (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region) _ Middle East   Alashiya, state during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, it is the ancient name of   Cyprus Dilmun, mentioned in ancient texts as a trade partner of Mesopotamia, although the exact location of Dilmun is unclear, it is associated with   Bahrain, the Eastern Province ofSaudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman and nearby coast of Iran in the Persian Gulf. Galilee, Galilea is a large region in northern Israel which overlaps with much of the administrative North District of the country. See: Map of Israel   Israel Judea, Judäa,(region) Hebrew: יהודה was the name of the mountainous southern part of the historic Land of Israel from the 8th century BC (Assyrian rule) to the 2nd century AD, when Roman Judea was renamed Syria Palaestina following the Jewish Bar Kokhba revolt.   Israel, West Bank Mesopotamia, geographically located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern   Iraq, southeastern Turkey, and the Khūzestān Province of southwestern Iran Mishmahig (islands)   Bahrain Muscat and Oman, Sultanate of Muscat and Oman until 1970   Oman North Yemen or Yemen Arab Republic was a country from 1962 to 1990 in the western part of what is now Yemen.   Yemen Ottoman Empire the Turkish empire, established in northern Anatolia by Osman I (Osman Gazi Khan) at the end of the 13th century and expanded by his successors to include all of Asia Minor and much of southeastern Europe. After setbacks caused by the invasion of the Mongol ruler Tamerlane (Timur) in 1402, the Ottomans captured Constantinople (today Istanbul) in 1453, and the empire reached its zenith under Suleiman the Magnificent (ruled 1520 to 1566). At the height of its power, in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Ottoman Empire controlled territory in southeastern Europe, southwestern Asia, and North Africa. It had greatly declined by the 19th century and collapsed after World War I.   Turkey Palestine (region)   Israel, West Bank & Gaza Strip Persia, name for today The ancient kingdom of Persia became the domain of the Achaemenid dynasty in the 6th century bc. Under Cyrus the Great, Persia became the center of a powerful empire that included western Asia, Egypt, and parts of eastern Europe; it was eventually overthrown by Alexander the Great in 330 bc. The country was conquered by Muslim Arabs between ad 633 and 651. It was renamed Iran in 1935.   Iran Socotra (island)   Yemen (Republic of) Transjordan The Emirate of Transjordan was a former Ottoman territory that was part of the British Mandate of Palestine. In 1921 it was excised from Palestine and became an autonomous political division under as-Sharif Abdullah bin al-Husayn.   Jordan Trucial Coast also known as the Trucial States, Trucial Oman, and the Trucial Shaykdoms   United Arab Emirates Tylos, was referredby the Greeks to today   Bahrain United Arab Republic (UAR) The United Arab Republic or U.A.R., was a union between Egypt and Syria. The union began in 1958 and existed until 1961, when Syria seceded from the union. Egypt continued to be known officially as the "United Arab Republic" until 1971. The President was Gamal Abdel Nasser. During most of its existence (1958–1961) it was a member of the United Arab States, a confederation with North Yemen.   Egypt, Syria, Yemen Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) The Yemen Arab Republic, also known as North Yemen, was a country from 1962 to 1990 in the western part of what is now Yemen, its predecessor was the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1962), also known as the Kingdom of Yemen, its capital was at Taiz (Ta'izz). See: Map of Yemen   Yemen __Eastern Asia Cathay, (English) Cathay is the Anglicized version of "Catai" the name used for northern China, and an alternative name for:   China Choson, Chosen   the Korean peninsula today split into Republic of Korea (South Korea) and Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)   Formosa (island) Dutch Formosa, period of a colonial Dutch government (1624–1662), the Dutch East India Company established its presence on Formosa to trade with China and Japan and to prevent Portuguese and Spanish trade and colonial activities in East Asia. Spanish Formosa, a Spanish colony established in the north of of the island (1626–1642).   Taiwan Great Korean Empire was the name of the Korean empire that existed on theKorean Peninsula, from the Proclamation of the Korean Empire in October 1897 to the Annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910. The Great Korean Empire was an absolute monarchy with a constitution.   Republic of Korea (South Korea) and Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) Kingdom of Tungning (1662 - 1683) The kingdom was founded by Koxinga (official name: Zheng Chenggong),on the island of Formosa. Koxinga was born in Hirado, Japan to Zheng Zhilong, a Ming dynasty admiral-pirate-merchant, and his Japanese wife. The Kingdom of Tungning was run by the Zheng family, supporting the Ming Dynasty in mainland China which was replaced by the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty in 1644. Koxinga wanted to use the island as a base of operations to train its Ming military forces and recapture the mainland from the Manchus. Hedied in 1662 six month after the conquest of Formosa. His son Zheng Jing ruled the next 20 years from its court at Tainan.   Taiwan Manchuria historical a vast geographic region in northeast Asia, commonly referred to as Northeast China. See also: Chinese Imperial Dynasties   China, (Russia) __Southeast Asia Amarapura (Land of Immortality)   Myanmar (Burma) Annam, Anam (1883-1954) French protectorate in   Central Vietnam Ayutthaya, Kingdom of; (Siam) covered Thailand, half ofCambodia, most of Laos and large areas of present day Myanmar (Burma)   Bengal, region in the northeast of South Asia today divided between Bangladesh(formerly East Pakistan), and theIndian federal stateWest Bengal.   Balochistan or Baluchistan a region on in the Iranian Plateau in Southwest Asia, named after the local Baloch tribes of Persian origin.   part of the region is now the province Balochistan inPakistan, other areas of the region were part of today's Iran and Afghanistan. Baluchistan States Union existed between1952 and1955 in southwest   Pakistan British North Borneo, former British protectorate and crown colony, occupies the northern tip of the island of Borneo.   Malaysia Burma, changed its name in 1989 to   Myanmar Cochin-China, French colony, the southern part of Vietnam, Capital: Saigon, today Ho Chi Minh City.   Celebes (island)   Sulawesi, part of Indonesia See: Map of Indonesia   Ceylon in 1972 thename of the country was changed to "Free, Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka", in 1978 the name was changed to "Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka"   Sri Lanka Map of Sri Lanka Dutch East Indies (Netherlands East Indies) was the Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalized colonies of the former Dutch East India Company that came under the administration of the Netherlands in 1800.   Indonesia East Pakistan, a former province of Pakistan. East Pakistan was created from Bengal Province based on the 'Mountbatten Plan' in what was then British India in 1947. Eastern Bengal was given to the Dominion of Pakistan and became a province of Pakistan by the name East Bengal. East Bengal was renamed East Pakistan in 1956 and later became the country of Bangladesh after the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, which took place after the General Elections of 1970.   Bangladesh Map of Bangladesh Map of Pakistan Federation of Malaya, (31 Jan. 1948 - 16 Sept. 1963) a federation of 11 states comprising the nine Malay states of Peninsular Malaysia and the British settlements of Penang and Malacca.   Malaysia Map of Malaysia Gorkhali (The Nepali Empire (1769) covered an area that was at least a third more than its present confines.)   Nepal Map of Nepal Hindoostan, Hindustan the name was used to refere to the Indian Subcontinent, including the present-day nations of   India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, andBangladesh Indo-China (French Indochina) former federation of states comprised of Cochin China, Tonkin, Annam,Laos, and Cambodia. Cochin China (in south), Annam (central) and Tonkin (in north) were later united to form today Vietnam.   Java (island) today part of   Indonesia Kampuchea, state (1975 - 1979), The Khmer Rouge regime, led by Pol Pot (Saloth Sar, 19 May 1925 – 15 April 1998), changed the official name of the country to Democratic Kampuchea.   Cambodia Map of Cambodia Khmer Republic (1970-1975)   Cambodia Malay States (Federated Malay States) 1895-1946   Malaysia Moluccas (Spice Islands) today part of   Indonesia Mustang, Kingdom of;was once an independent kingdom,a hereditary dynasty which survived as the Kingdom of Lo in Upper (northern) Mustang (Nepal), bordering Tibet Autonomous Region (China), to which it is closely tied by language and culture.The Kingdom was abolished by Nepali government on 7th October2008.   Nepal Netherlands East Indies   Indonesia New Territories (mainland region)   Hong Kong Portuguese Timor (former name for East Timor)   Timor-Leste Serendib is the old Arabic, Persian and Urdu name for   Sri Lanka Siam was the foreign name for the Kingdom of Siam (Rattanakosin Kingdom), and still isa synonym for   Thailand Map of Thailand   Sikkim, Kingdom of; today a state of   India See: Map of India's states.   Straits Settlements British Settlements on the Malay Peninsula at the Strait of Malacca: Penang, Malacca, and Singapore.   Malaysia, Singapore Sultanate of Malacca was first a Hindu kingdom which later became Muslim, it existed 1402–1511 covering large parts of the Malay Peninsula with a small portion on Sumatra.   Malaysia, Singapore Tonkin (French protectorate, later North Vietnam with the Capital Hanoi)   Vietnam Map of Vietnam   West Pakistan official (1955–1970) name of the western wing of today   Pakistan  Historical Map of Asia (1914) Annotated Map of Asia with international borders as of the year 1914, with a short description of the countries of that time. Historical Map of Asia (1892) Historical Maps of Asia Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection   Australia/Oceania Former Country Name Today Ellice Islands   Tuvalu Friendly Islands   Tonga Gilbert Islands   Kiribati Harvey Islands   Cook Islands Navigator's Islands; 1899-1914, German protectorate of   Samoa (Western Samoa) New Holland (see also New Holland in South America), from about 1600 until the middle of the nineteenth century the Dutch name for the   Australian continent New Guinea (island) divided into parts of   Indonesia and Papua New Guinea See: Map of Indonesia and Map of Papua New Guinea    New Hebrides   Vanuatu Northern Solomon Islands today part of   Papua New Guinea Map of Papua New Guinea   Papua Territory   Papua New Guinea Savage Island   Niue Van Diemen’s Land, (Anthoonij van Diemenslandt) was thename used by Europeans for the island of Tasmania, now a state of Australia (capital: Hobart).   Australia Western Samoa   Independent State of Samoa Historical Maps of Australia/Oceania UT Library - Perry-Castañeda Library, Collection of historical maps of Australia and the Pacific Region.   Central America and the Caribbean Former Country Name Today British Honduras   Belize British West Indies - the colonies of the British in the Caribbean: today the term refers to the British Caribbean overseas territories which are: Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica,Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands,Montserrat, Turks and Caicos Islands.   Danish West Indies or "Danish Antilles", were a colony of Denmark-Norway in the Caribbean. They were sold to the United States in 1916 in the Treaty of the Danish West Indies and became the United States Virgin Islands in 1917.   US Virgin Islands French West Indies, the French overseas departments Guadeloupe and Martinique, as well as the French CaribbeanDépartments d'Outre Mer, include the Guadeloupe dependencies of the French part of the island St. Martin and the islands Saint-Barthélemy, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante and La Désirade.   Haiti, the Arawaks name for the island of Hispaniola   Dominican Republic and Haiti New Spain (Nueva España) colonial territories of the Spanish Empire in North and Central America, including   Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,Costa Rica and parts of South-WestUSA Somers Islands is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean better kown as   Bermuda United Provinces of Central America - UPCA later renamed to Federal Republic of Central America (from 1823 to approximately 1840). Capital cities were Guatemala City (Until 1834) and San Salvador. UPCA consisted of the states ofGuatemala, El Salvador, Honduras,Nicaragua, and Costa Rica   North America Former Country Name Today Newfoundland (island, with mainland area, and a province of)   Canada See: Administrative Map of Canada New Spain (Nueva España) colonial territories of the Spanish Empire in North and Central America, including   Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,Costa Rica and parts of South-WestUSA New Netherland, or Nieuw-Nederland in Dutch, was the 17th-century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on the East Coast of North America. The settled areas are now part of the Mid-Atlantic States of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Connecticut, with small outposts in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island. The provincial capital, New Amsterdam, was located at the southern tip of the island ofManhattan on upper New York Bay.   South America Former Country Name Today British Guiana was a British colony on the northern coast of South America, what is now the independent nation of Guyana. Capital was Georgetown.   Guyana Dutch Guiana (Netherlands Guyana) Dutch colonization of the Guianas began in the beginning of the 17th century. The colonies of Essequibo and Demerara (Demerary), Surinam, and Berbice were Dutch settlements, trading posts and plantations in the coastal areas ofthe north eastern part of South America, a region which is known as the Guianas, today divided into the countries of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and the north eastern part of Brazil. Capital city was Fort Zeelandia (Paramaribo)   Venezuela, Guyana,Suriname,French Guiana, and the Amapá province of Brazil. Gran Colombia (1819-1830), the former republic consisted ofthe territories of present-day Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panama, northern Peru and northwest Brazil.   Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela,Panama, Peru and Brazil Inini, an inland territory of French Guiana, its capital was Saint-Élie.   French Guiana New Holland (2), Nieuw Holland, or also known as Dutch Brazil, was a former dutch colony on the northeast coast of Brazil 1630 - 1654. Capital city was Mauritsstad, today part of the city of Recife.   Province of Pernambuco, Brazil Terra de Santa Cruz, in the early 16th century when the Portoguese realized it was not an island but part of a continent they were about to conquer, they renamed it from 'Ilha de Vera Cruz' (Island of the True Cross) to Terra de Santa Cruz (Land of the Holy Cross). Today the region is known as Brazil. Brazil Historical Maps of The Americas UT Library - Perry-Castañeda Library, Collection of historical maps of The Americas.   Europe Former Country Name Today Albion, is the oldest known name of the island of Great Britain.   United Kingdom Map of the United Kingdom   Batavian Republic (Bataafse Republiek) 1795 to 1806, was the successor of the Dutch Republic and the precursor of the Kingdom of Holland (1806–1810), the then capital was The Hague.   Netherlands Map of the Netherlands Bessarabia - historic region comprising most of current-day Moldova and districts of Ukraine. Capital city was Kishinev today known as Chişinău.   Moldova and parts of Ukraine Map of Moldova   Bohemia, prior 1918 the term "Bohemia" was traditionally used for today's Czech Republic. Largest city and capital is Prague.   Czech Republic Map of Czech Republic Britain, the name Britain is derived from the Latin name Britannia used by the Romans for the Roman province on the island of Great Britain (the portion south of Hadrian's wall).   United Kingdom Map of the United Kingdom Confœderatio Helvetica - CH (Latin for: Swiss Confederation)   Switzerland Map of Switzerland Czechoslovakia (Chechoslovakia) Czechoslovak Socialist Republic; on 1 January 1993, it split into the   Czech Republic and Slovakia Map of Czech Republic Map of Slovakia   East Germany, German Democratic Republic (GDR); the formerly Soviet influenced eastern part of then in two parts divided Germany, from 1945 - 1990. Capital city was East-Berlin.   Germany Map of Germany Fortunate Islands   Canary Islands (Spain) Helvetia - Latin name for, and the female national personification of Switzerland.   Switzerland Map of Switzerland   Kingdom of Sardinia (1297–1861) comprised initially the island of Sardinia, its capital was originally Cagliari. Sardinia (Italy) Map of Italy   Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 1918-1929 renamed to Yugoslawia, since 1991 the countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Rep. of, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia. Capital city was Belgrade (1918–1941), Capital-in-exile was London (1941–1944).   Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,Macedonia, Rep. of, Montenegro,Serbia and Slovenia Moldavia, created in the Middle Ages was a principality of Romania, its easterly extension now forming the state of Moldova. Capital city from 1564 to 1859 aws Iași (Jassy).   Romania, Moldova Map of Romania Map of Moldova  Moravia (in German: Mähren) historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the historical Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. Largest city and former capital is Brno.   Czech Republic Map of Czech Republic Podolia is a historic region in part of the East European Plain in Eastern Europe, located in the west-central and south-western portions of present-day Ukraine and in northeastern Moldova (i.e. northern Transnistria).   Ukraine, Moldova Map of Ukraine Map of Moldova Pridnestrovia (Transnistria) formerly part of the Soviet Union (Russia), today a breakaway state of Moldova also known as Transnistria, which claims territory between the Dniester river and the eastern border of Moldova with Ukraine. It declared independence in 1990 but is unrecognised by any United Nations member state. Transnistria is one of four post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zones. (see: Nagorno-Karabakh, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia) After the dissolution of the USSR, tensions between the newly created Moldova and the de facto sovereign state of Pridnestrovia escalated into a military conflict. Unlike the rest of Moldova Pridnestrovia had not wanted to separate from the Soviet Union. Because of the Russian military contingent present in Transnistria, the European Court of Human Rights considers Transnistria "under the effective authority or at least decisive influence of Russia". Moldova Map of Moldova Prussia, Preussen a former kingdom of the German Empire.Originally a small country on the south eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, under Frederick the Great it became a major European power covering much of modern northeast Germany and Poland. Capital city was Königsberg (today Kaliningrad, Russia), later Berlin.   Germany, Poland Map of Germany Map of Poland Ruthenia (region; former name for Carpatho-Ukraine)   Ukraine Map of Ukraine  Silesia, (in German: Schlesien) historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts in the Czech Republic and Germany, its largest city and capital was Wrocław(Breslau).   Poland, the Czech Republic andGermany. Soviet Union (1922 - 1991) short form of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), a former federation of Communist republics occupying the northern half of Asia and part of eastern Europe, capital city was Moscow. 12 constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 as independent post-Soviet states.   Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,Moldova, Russian Federation (Russia), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,Ukraine, Uzbekistan Scotland, the former independent kingdom is today one of four constituent nations which form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, capital city is Edinburgh   United Kingdom Map of the United Kingdom Spitzbergen   Svalbard Transcarpathia (region; alternate name for Carpatho-Ukraine)   Ukraine Map of Ukraine   Transylvania (region)   Romania Map of Romania West Germany, was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; 1949-1990) to distinguish it from East Germany, the German Democratic Republic (GDR)   Germany Map of Germany Yugoslavia (former name for a confederation of states in the western Balkan peninsula) The country was formed as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes in the peace settlements at the end of the First World War. It comprised Serbia, Montenegro, and the former South Slavic provinces of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and assumed the name of Yugoslavia in 1929; its capital was Belgrade (today the capital of Serbia).   Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia		South Africa